Technical Reference
Practical guides for serial communication and Ethernet
Use these guides to understand common interfaces, cable wiring, Ethernet categories, and connector selection. Each article explains the key differences and points out what to check before choosing equipment or cabling.
Serial communication
RS-232 vs. RS-422 vs. RS-485: What’s the Difference?
Compare three common serial interfaces and learn how their signaling and connection layouts differ.
How to Wire a DB9 RS-232 Null-Modem Cable
Review basic DB9 transmit, receive, and signal-ground connections, plus optional hardware flow-control wiring.
Ethernet and industrial networking
Cat6 vs. Cat6A vs. Cat7 vs. Cat8: Which Ethernet Cable Should You Use?
Compare bandwidth, typical speed and reach, standards, and the applications each category is designed to support.
Choosing Waterproof Ethernet Connectors for Outdoor and Industrial Use
Learn what to consider when selecting a connector for an installation exposed to dust or moisture.
Use product and equipment documentation to confirm connector pinouts, cabling requirements, and installation conditions for your specific setup.